At least 2 million Iraqi children lacked adequate nutrition (according
to the WFP assessment of food insecurity in 2006) and faced a range of
other threats including interrupted education, lack of immunization
services and diarrhoea diseases.
Only 28% of Iraq's 17 year olds sat their final exams in summer, and
only 40% of those sitting exams achieved a passing grade in South and
Central Iraq. Early estimates from the Ministry of Education show that
net primary
enrolment rates may have fallen from 86% in 2004 to 46% in 2006
(although the estimated 2 million refugees and the lack of a current
census may have contributed to this decline). However, millions were
able to return to school in November, despite the many challenges.
Many of the 220,000 school-aged internally displaced children had their
education interrupted, adding to the estimated 760,000 children out of
primary school in 2006.
One third of children in remote and hard-to-reach areas (28 out of 117
districts) were cut off from health outreach services, including
immunization, as a result of insecurity.
Only 40% of children nationwide had reliable access to safe drinking
water, and only 20% outside Baghdad had a working sewerage service
An estimated 600,000 children had been displaced since 2006, the vast
majority unable to return home. By the end of the year, approximately
75,000 children and their families were living in temporary shelters. A
few
families did begin to return: 50,000 refugees and 10,000 IDPs were
registered between September and December 2007, according to the Iraq
Ministry of Displacement and Migration (MoDM) and International
Organization for Migration (IOM).
Hundreds of children lost their lives to violence and thousands fell
into poverty after their main family wage-earner was kidnapped or
killed. A drop in violent incidents was reported by the UN from July
2007,
particularly around Baghdad.
Approximately 1,350 children were detained by military and police
authorities, many for alleged security violations (this includes a
small number of detentions that may have occurred in 2006 or
previously).
